The Microvariability and Oscillations of Stars (MOST) spacecraft is a Canadian space telescope designed to observe the brightness variations of stars caused by oscillations and other phenomena. Launched in 2003, MOST represents Canada’s first space astronomy mission and has significantly contributed to the study of stellar astrophysics, exoplanets, and variable stars.
Design and Construction
MOST features a compact design, weighing only 54 kilograms, with a primary mirror diameter of 15 centimeters. Its payload includes a CCD camera and a Fine Guidance Sensor (FGS) for precise pointing. The spacecraft is constructed using lightweight materials to minimize mass and maximize launch efficiency. Unique engineering challenges included ensuring the stability and precision of the spacecraft’s pointing system to capture accurate data from distant stars.
Mission Objectives
The primary objective of the MOST mission is to observe and study the microvariability and oscillations of stars to better understand their internal structures, evolution, and physical processes. By monitoring changes in stellar brightness with high precision, MOST aims to detect and characterize stellar oscillations, as well as search for exoplanetary transits and study stellar magnetic fields.
Launch and Deployment
MOST was launched into orbit aboard a Ukrainian Zenit-2 rocket from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in June 2003. After reaching its operational orbit, the spacecraft was deployed and began its scientific observations of stars. Despite initial challenges with its pointing stability, the mission successfully achieved its science goals and contributed valuable data to the field of astrophysics.
Technical Specifications
- Dimensions: Compact design with a mass of 54 kilograms
- Payload Capacity: Equipped with a CCD camera and a Fine Guidance Sensor (FGS)
- Power Source: Solar panels for power generation
- Instruments and Equipment: CCD camera for imaging, Fine Guidance Sensor for precise pointing
Current Status
As of 2024, MOST has completed its primary mission and several mission extensions, continuing to operate beyond its originally planned lifetime. The spacecraft remains active, conducting observations of stars and contributing to ongoing research in stellar astrophysics. While some technical challenges have emerged over its operational lifespan, MOST continues to provide valuable data and insights into the variability of stars.
